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Objective To study the stability of alkaline and degraded products of curcumin by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and HPLC-mass spectrometry (MS) for the optimization of alkaline-dissolved process parameters of the Jianghuang Qingzhi Tablets and for the quality control of the tablets.Methods HPLC was performed for the determination of the alkaline-dissolved stability of curcumin with acetonitrile-acetic acid at volume coefficient of 4％ (48 ∶ 52) as mobile phase,the detection wavelength being 430 nm.The alkalinedegraded products were tested by HPLC-MS assembling with electron spray ionization (ESI) and quadrupole timeof-flight (Q-TOF) in the scan range of 100-2 000 m/z.Results The degradation of curcumin in the alkaline solution was increased with the temperature.When the temperature was below 20 ℃,the degradation slowed down,while when the temperature reached to 80 ℃,curcumin was degraded completely within 2 h.The probable degradation products in the alkaline solution were p-hydroxy benzaldehyde,vanillin,p-coumaric acid,ferulic acid,et al.Conclusion Curcmin compounds are instable in aqueous alkali.To obtain the high-quality of Jianghuang Qingzhi Tablets with high content of curcumin and less degraded products,the alkaline-solution temperature should be controlled below 20 ℃.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of baicalin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) after iv administration in rats.MethodsThe cerebral I/R rats were induced by occluding the bilateral carotid arteries of normal rats for 2 h,followed by reperfusion.The resultant animals were immediately iv administrated with baicalin (90 mg/kg),whilst the same dose of baicalin was injected to the normal rats.Plasma samples were collected at different time to construct pharmacokinetic profiles by plotting drug concentration vs time.Quantification of baicalin in rat plasma was achieved using a simple and rapid HPLC method.ResultsIn normal rats,the major parameters of distribution half-life,elimination half-life,area under the plasma concentration-time (AUC),apparent volume of distribution (Vd),and clearance (CL),estimated by an open two-compartmental model,were 0.8868 min,26.0968 min,149.6204 mg/min·L,4.765 L/kg,and 0.5776 L/kg·min),respectively.However,in I/R rats,the corresponding parameters were 2.084 min,34.4998 min,260.0188 μg.min/L,5.9376 L/kg,and 0.334 L/(kg·min),respectively.ConclusionThe cerebral I/R could significantly increase AUC and Vd values,decrease CL values,and prolong the terminal half-life of baicalin.These findings suggest that the injuries of I/R could play an important role in pharmacokinetic process ofbaicalin.
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Aim: To study new chemical constituents of the leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. Methods: Isolation and purification were carried out by several chromatographic methods. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by detailed analysis of their UV, IR, MS, ~1H NMR and ~(13)C NMR spectra Results: A new ginkgolide, ginkgolide N( 1, 7, 10-trihydroxy-3,14- dehydroginkgolide, Ⅱ), along with a known compound, was isolated from the leaves of G. biloba. The structure of the known one was elucidated as ginkgolide L(Ⅰ). Conclusion: Compound Ⅱ was a new compound. The complete spectroscopic data of compound Ⅰ were reported for the first time.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the risk awareness and preparedness related to pandemic flu in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two groups of people, mainly employers and employees from enterprises, were covered in the survey, using quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (in-depth interview) methods. The employers and employees were from joint-ventured corporations, large state-owned corporations and private companies which were randomly selected from 7 major cities in China.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) 82% of the people surveyed and interviewed had basic knowledge on pandemic flu. (2) 60% of the joint-ventured corporations had worked out or were working on their business continuity plan in the event of pandemic flu, compared to that of state-owned corporations and private companies that the figure was only 21% . (3) 67% of the joint-ventured corporations had informed their preparedness plan on pandemic flu to their employees, while that of the state-owned and private corporations, it was only 42 %. (4) About 70 % of the corporations was establishing policies for restricting travel to affected geographic areas (both domestic and international), evacuating the employees who working in or near the affected area when an outbreak began. (5) Nearly 60 % of the corporations thought annual flu vaccination was important and hence encouraging and tracking annual flu vaccination for employees. (6) 70% of the corporations paid high attention on providing sufficient and accessible supplies (e. g. hand - hygiene products, tissues and receptacles for their disposal) to control the epidemics in all business locations while nearly 76 % of the corporations were interested in purchasing commercial medical insurance.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Joint-verntured corporation were doing better than domestic corporations in terms of risk awareness and preparedness on pandemic flu, suggesting that the domestic corporation should learn from them regarding on pandemic flu preparedness to limit the negative impact of pandemic flu.</p>
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Awareness , Commerce , Disease Outbreaks , Influenza, Human , Epidemiology , Psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Urban HealthABSTRACT
To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Lygodium japonicum. Methods:Various chromatographic techniques were employed for isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures were elucidated by chemical evidence and spectral methods. Results:A new stigmasterol glycoside,(24R)-stigmastan-3β,5α,6β-triol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),together with three known phenolic glycosides:6-O-p-coumaroyl-D-glucopyranose (2),6-O-caffeoyl-D-glucopyranose (3),1-O-(E)-caffeoyl-β-D-gentiobiose (4) were obtained and identified by spectroscopic methods. Conclusion:All compounds were isolated from Lygodiaceae for the first time.